Window.



Patented lune l9, I900.

J. AHKNISELY.

WINDOW.

(Application filed Mar. 23, 1900.)

(No Model.)

wi cmwaw a Home UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICEt JOHN A. KNISELY, OFCHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

WINDOW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent NO. 652,120, dated June 19,1900.

Application filed March 23,1900. Serial No. 9,935. (No model.) I

To on whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN A. KNISELY, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Windows, of which thefollow ing is a specification.

My invention relates to the construction and arrangement of sash-framesand windowoasings made of metal, in which the sashes are adapted to turnor rotate on horizontal pivots secured in the window-frame and in whichthere is a yielding joint between the sash and the casing. In frames ofthis character there are three important features to be considered:

First. hen the window is closed there must be a tight joint between thesash and casing in order to exclude cold air, wind, and dirt.

Second. The joint between the sash and frame or casing must be easilybroken when it is desired to open the window. Hence there must not betoo much bind between said parts. This also applies to the closing ofthe window, which in many instances must be effected automatically byhanging the window from a point above its center, so that when it isreleased the excess of weight below the pivotal point will throw thewindow closed. If the parts are not sufficiently yielding, the windowwill not close, and hence one of the objects of a metal windowprotection from fire-is defeated in whole or in part.

Third. Simple means must be provided for holding the window open, andpreferably the same means should provide automatically for the closingofthe window when exposed to fire.

The object of my improvements in windows is to secure the foregoingfeatures in a most efficient degree in a simple and economical manner,and in carrying out this object I produce a window in which the casingis of rectangular tubular form, having a longitudinal recess oppositethe side rail or stile of the sash, in which yielding and rotatablebearings are seated in said longitudinal recess and contact with theedge of the sash-stile, in which said bearings consist of two or moretubes rotatably mounted on blocks, the lat for being spring-supported insaid recess, in

which the sash is pivoted above its horizon tal center and at one sideof its vertical center, in which the sash is held open by a chain inwhich a fusible link is inserted, in which the rotatable bearings mayalso become sliding bearings, and in which there are other features ofdetail, which will hereinafter appear.

In the drawings which form a part of this application, Figure 1 is aview, partly in elevatiou and partly in section, of a sash and frameembodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section showingthe sash in an open position, portions being broken away. Fig. 3 is adetail of the tubes and supporting block and spring, and Fig. 4 is adetail show ing the manner of pivoting the sash to the frame at one sideof the vertical center of the sash.

It will be understood that though I have shown but one side of a windowmade in accordance with my invention both sides will be of identicalconstruction; also, that while I have shown the simplest form ofsheet-metal sash and frame other-forms may be utilized, and that I donot limit myself to metal frames and sash, and that while I have shownthe sash as non-sliding it may be made to slide without departing fromthe principles and essential features of my invention. On the otherhand, I am aware that it is not new per se to hinge or pivot sash abovetheir center or provide them with fusible means for closing when exposedto fire, so that I do not broadly claim such construction, but only incombination with peculiar and novel means whereby such construction ismade practical and most effective.

Referring to the drawings, A represents one side of a metal window frameor casing made in rectangular shape in crosssection and formed with alongitudinal recess a, ex tending from the top to the bottom of theframe.

B represents a hollow metal window-sash having formed in its stile alongitudinal groove 1), extending throughout the length of the stile andregistering with the recess in the frame A. As shown, the sash ispivoted to the frame by pin 0 at a point above the horizontal center andat one side of the vertical center of the sash. Loosely placed in therecess are two tubes O, in position to contact with the groove in thesash and rotatably mounted on the projecting portions (1 of the block D,the central portion of the latter being of equal diameter with the tubesand cylindrical in cross-section, thus forming annular shoulders d,against which the ends of the tubes bear, as clearly shown in Fig. 3.The block D is provided with a threaded opening (1 in its central orhubportion, which is adapted to receive a screw E, which passes througha suitable opening in the spring F and secures the latter to the block.The spring F is preferably made from flat strap-steel, bent in the formshown, and is positioned between the block and the rear wall of therecess a, so that as the ends of the spring bear against said rearwallthe block and the tubes mounted thereon are normally held infrictional contact with the grooved face of the sash-stile. In longwindows Imay employ three tubes and two blocks or four tubes and threeblocks, and each block may be supported by a spring.

In opening the sash, as shown in Fig. 2, the upper tube will rotate inthe direction shown by the arrow, while the lower tube will rotate inthe opposite direction, thusmaking antifriction-bearings for the sashabove and below the pivots. "While the tubes are turning 011 theextensions cl of the block D the latter will yield sufficiently topermit the stile to be opened or tilted, the effect of the entireconstruction being that of a yielding 7 3i roller-bearing.

Secured to the stile b at a point on its upper railis a chain n, nearthe lower end of which a fusible link m is inserted, and the end of thechain is suitably secured to the frame A. Upon exposure to a high degreeof heat the link m will melt or fuse, thus releasing the window-sashwhen in an open position and permitting it to regain. its vertical orclosed position through the overbalancing of the lower portion of thesash. While similar means have been shown for permitting the closing ofotherwindows,in practice they have been found defective or inoperativewhere there was a tight joint between the sash and the frame, thefriction being so great as to prevent the closing of the sash tightly bymere operation of gravity. Attempts to overcome this objection byhanging the sash considerably above its center are not satisfactorybecause of the resulting projection of the lower part of the sash andbecause of the difficulty of regulating the extent of the overbalanceunder the varying conditions met with in the erection of such windows.In my invention the antifrictional construction and arrangement ofmaking the tubes roller-bearings, as well as yielding closures, makes asensitive device, which greatly adds to the effectiveness of thereleasing and gravity clos ing features described.

If it be desired to lock the window closed, the chain a will be attachedto a suitable catch'secured to the upper rail of the sash, so that bypulling on the chain the catch will be released from the frame above therail and the sash pulled open at the same operation.

Though I have not so shown it, it will be apparent that the sash may bepivotedin the block D instead of to the frame, such arrangement beingdesirable in a sliding-sash construction. In this event the sash-cordwill be secured to the top of the upper tube, and both tubes will besecured to the block in a mannor to permit their rotating and theirsliding movement in the recesses a with the block and the spring.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure byLetters Patent, is

1. In a window, the combination with a pivoted sash having grooved siderails, of a recessed window-frame, and tubes rotatably mounted on blocksyieldingly supported in said frame, said tubes adapted to engage thegrooves in said sash-rail, substantially as set forth.

. 2. In a window, the combination with a pivoted sash having groovedside rails, a recessed window-frame, tubes arranged in the recess insaid frame, and adapted to rotate,

and yielding supports for said tubes, substantially as described.

3. In a window, the combination witha sash having grooved side rails, awindowframe having a recess formed therein, tubes arranged in saidrecess and fitting the groove in the said side rails, said tubes beingrota tably and yieldingly supported in said recess.

4. In a window, a pivoted sash, a frame or casing, and a yielding androtatable bearing between said casing and sash.

5. In a window, a pivoted sash, a frame or casing supporting said sash,and a yielding and rotatable bearing between said sash and frame, saidbearing formed in sections, substantially as set forth.

6. In a window, a pivoted sash, a frame or casing supporting said sash,and a yielding and rotatable bearing between said sash and frame, saidbearing formed in sections, and the sections above the pivotalpointrotating in opposite direction from the sections .below saidpivotal point, substantially as described.

7. In a window, the combination with a sash having grooved side rails,of a recessed window-frame, tubes rotatablymounted in said frame andadapted to engage the grooves in the side rails, blocks yieldinglysupported in said frame, said blocks having extensions fitting withinsaid tubes, substantially as shown and described.

8. In a window, the combination with a sash pivotally mounted in aframe, a frame supporting said sash, tubular bearings rotatably andyieldingly mounted in said frame amil adapted to engage the side railsof the sas 9. In a window, a sash having grooved. side rails, a recessedframe supporting said sash,

the latter being pivotally mounted on said frame, and yielding androtatable bearings formed in sections, said sections contacting with thegrooved side rails and adapted to rotate in opposite directions upon theopening and closing of the sash, substantially in the manner and for thepurpose set forth.

10. In a window, a recessed tubular frame, a sash rotatably mounted insaid frame on horizontal pivots and having grooved side rails, yieldingbearings arranged in said recesses, contacting with said side rails andformed in sections adapted to rotate in opposite directions, incombination with means for holding said sash in an open position, saidmeans having a fusible link therein and secured to the sash and framerespectively, substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

11. In a window, a recessed tubular frame, a sash pivoted in said frameon horizontal pivots at points above its horizontal center and at oneside of its vertical center, bearings arranged in said frame, saidbearings formed in sections and rotatably and yieldingly mounted, andadapted to contact with said sash, as set forth.

12. In a window, a recessed frame, a sash pivoted on said frame atpoints above its horizontal center and at one side of its verticalcenter, bearings arranged in said frame and yieldingly and rotatablymounted and adapted to contact with the sash-stiles, and means forholding said sash in an open position, said means having a fusible linktherein, substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

13. In a window, a recessed frame, a sash sliding on said frame,yieldingly and rotatably mounted hearings in said frame adapted tocontact with the stiles of the sash, and means for holding the sash inopen position, said means having a fusible link therein, substantiallyas set forth.

14. In a window, a recessed tubular metal frame, a sash adapted to slideon said frame, yieldingly and rotatably mounted hearings in said frameadapted to contact with the stiles of the sash and to slide therewith,substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two witnesses.

JOHN A. KNISELY.

lVitnesses:

1 BENJAMIN, G. MILLER.

